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Best Supplements for Energy: 14 Picks Ranked by Evidence

The best vitamins for energy depend on the cause of your tiredness. Compare iron, B12, B complex, vitamin D, magnesium, CoQ10, rhodiola and creatine, and see which blood tests to check first.

Published
November 6, 2026
Read time
16 min read
Medically reviewed by
Rhonda Collins Rhonda Collins, FNP-C

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Quick Summary

The best vitamins for energy are the ones that fix a shortfall you actually have. Iron, vitamin B12 and vitamin D have the clearest trial evidence for less tiredness, and that evidence comes from people whose levels were low to begin with [1][2]. A B complex and magnesium malate support the same energy pathways and suit people whose diet runs short on them. CoQ10, rhodiola and creatine have smaller or mixed trials behind them for fatigue. Because the right pick depends on the cause, the most useful first step is a blood test for ferritin, B12, vitamin D, thyroid function and a complete blood count.

Introduction

“Which supplement will actually give me more energy?”

Most “energy” products are built around caffeine, sugar or very high doses of B vitamins. None of these fixes the reason you are tired. Vitamins and minerals do not contain energy themselves: they are cofactors your cells need to turn food into usable energy, carry oxygen and keep nerves and muscles working [1]. When one of them runs low, fatigue is a common early sign. When your levels are already adequate, adding more rarely makes a noticeable difference.

That is why this guide is organized by cause rather than by product. Each section names the situation where a supplement has evidence behind it, what that evidence found, and which test tells you whether it applies to you.

What makes a good energy supplement:

  • A form your body absorbs well (iron bisglycinate, methylcobalamin, vitamin D3, magnesium malate or citrate)
  • A label dose that matches the studies, stated per serving rather than hidden in a blend
  • Third-party testing or a GMP-certified facility
  • No caffeine or stimulant blend passed off as “energy support”

What to avoid:

  • Proprietary “energy blends” that do not list each ingredient’s amount
  • Iron taken without a recent ferritin result
  • Megadoses of single B vitamins with no deficiency to correct
  • Products that promise a result in days

Which Supplement Fits Your Kind of Tiredness?

Likely cause or needSupplementNotes
Low iron stores (heavy periods, plant-based diet, endurance)IronEvidence for less fatigue when ferritin is low, even without anemia; test first
Low B12 (vegan diet, over 50, metformin, acid reducers)Vitamin B12Deficiency causes tiredness and anemia; methylcobalamin and cyanocobalamin both work
Diet short on several B vitaminsB complexCovers all eight B vitamins involved in energy metabolism
Low vitamin D (little sun, darker skin, winter)Vitamin D3One trial in deficient adults found less fatigue after a single dose
Muscle fatigue, low magnesium intakeMagnesium malateAbout half of US adults get less magnesium from food than they need
Fatigue with ongoing stressRhodiolaSmall trials, mixed quality; some show less mental fatigue
Statin users, adults over 50CoQ10Meta-analysis of 13 trials found modestly lower fatigue scores; statins lower CoQ10 levels
Mental fatigue, training loadCreatineStrong evidence for high-intensity exercise; smaller evidence for mental fatigue

Top picks

Best for Tiredness From Low Iron Stores: Iron Bisglycinate

Best for Low B12: Vitamin B12 (Methylcobalamin)

Best for Broad B-Vitamin Support: B Complex

Best for Low Vitamin D: Vitamin D3

Best for Muscle Fatigue and Low Magnesium Intake: Magnesium Malate

Best for Fatigue With Stress: Rhodiola

Best for Statin Users and Adults Over 50: CoQ10

Best for Mental Fatigue and Training: Creatine Monohydrate

Reviews

Each card shows the current price from the Mito catalog.

Best for Tiredness From Low Iron Stores: Iron Bisglycinate

Iron carries oxygen in red blood cells and runs energy-producing enzymes in every cell [1]. Low iron stores can cause fatigue before they cause anemia [3]. In a randomized trial of 198 menstruating women with unexplained fatigue, ferritin below 50 µg/L and normal hemoglobin, 12 weeks of oral iron lowered fatigue scores by 47.7%, against 28.8% with placebo [2]. That benefit applies to people with low stores. Do not take iron without a confirmed low ferritin or iron result: the trial showed a benefit in people with low stores, and a blood test is how you know you are one of them.

Best for Low ferritin confirmed on a blood test, sensitive stomach

1. Thorne Iron Bisglycinate

  • Form: Ferrous bisglycinate chelate (Ferrochel)
  • Iron per Capsule: 25 mg
  • Label Serving: 1 capsule
  • Third-Party Testing: NSF version of Thorne Iron Bisglycinate
  • Bottle: 60 capsules (60 servings)
  • Best For: Low ferritin confirmed on a blood test, sensitive stomach
View product

Iron is essential to the formation and function of healthy red blood cells.

Pros

  • Chelated form marketed as gentler on the stomach than ferrous sulfate
  • Short ingredient list
  • Moderate per-capsule dose

Cons

  • Contains no vitamin C, which some people pair with iron to aid absorption

Best for Vegan iron with a longer-lasting bottle

2. Klaire Labs Iron Chelate

  • Form: Ferrous bisglycinate chelate (Albion Ferrochel)
  • Iron per Capsule: 30 mg
  • Label Serving: 1 capsule with food
  • Bottle: 100 capsules (100 servings)
  • Best For: Vegan iron with a longer-lasting bottle
View product

This compound has been shown to be a well-tolerated, bioavailable form of iron.

Pros

  • Vegan and made without common allergens
  • 100 capsules per bottle
  • Same chelated iron form as the Thorne pick

Cons

  • Label says it is not intended for children

For a deeper look at iron forms, see the best iron supplement for anemia.

Best for Low B12: Vitamin B12 (Methylcobalamin)

Vitamin B12 is needed to make red blood cells and to keep nerves working, and a shortfall can cause fatigue and anemia [1]. Deficiency is more likely in vegans and strict vegetarians, older adults, people who have taken metformin for more than four months, and people who have taken proton pump inhibitors or H2 blockers for more than a year [4]. In a study of more than 25,000 people with B12 deficiency, two or more years of proton pump inhibitor use was linked with 65% higher odds of deficiency [5]. A clinical review reports that oral B12 at 1 to 2 mg a day is as effective as injections for correcting anemia and nerve symptoms [4]. If your B12 is already normal, extra B12 is unlikely to raise your energy.

Best for Vegans, adults over 50, long-term metformin or acid-reducer use

1. Jarrow Formulas Methyl B-12 1000 mcg

  • Form: Methylcobalamin, lemon chewable
  • B12 per Tablet: 1,000 mcg
  • Label Serving: 1 tablet, dissolved in the mouth or chewed
  • Bottle: 100 chewables (100 servings)
  • Best For: Vegans, adults over 50, long-term metformin or acid-reducer use
View product

Methylcobalamin (Methyl B-12) is better absorbed and retained than other forms of B12 (e.g., cyanocobalamin).

Pros

  • Dose in the range a clinical review reports for oral repletion
  • Free of wheat, gluten, soy and dairy
  • More than three months per bottle

Cons

  • Sweetened with xylitol
  • Lemon flavor only

Best for Dissolvable lozenge in a smaller bottle

2. Life Extension Vitamin B12 Methylcobalamin 1 mg Lozenges

  • Form: Methylcobalamin, vanilla lozenge
  • B12 per Lozenge: 1 mg (1,000 mcg)
  • Label Serving: 1 lozenge
  • Bottle: 60 lozenges (60 servings)
  • Best For: Dissolvable lozenge in a smaller bottle
View product

Vitamin B12, also called cobalamin, is a water-soluble vitamin.

Pros

  • Dissolves in the mouth, no swallowing
  • Vegetarian and non-GMO

Cons

  • Contains sorbitol and xylitol
  • Smaller bottle than the Jarrow pick

Best for Broad B-Vitamin Support: B Complex

The eight B vitamins work together as coenzymes in energy production, and low levels of one or more of them are common in developed countries [1][6]. A B complex is a reasonable choice when your diet is limited, for example when you avoid whole grains, meat or dairy, rather than when a single deficiency has been found. If a test shows low B12 specifically, a dedicated B12 product gives a higher dose of that one vitamin.

Best for Higher-dose complex with methylfolate and methylcobalamin

1. Integrative Therapeutics Active B-Complex

  • Form: All 8 B vitamins, with methylfolate (Quatrefolic), methylcobalamin and P5P
  • Key Amounts: 1,000 mcg B12, 50 mg B6, 800 mcg DFE folate per 2 capsules
  • Label Serving: 2 capsules
  • Bottle: 60 capsules (30 servings) or 120 capsules (60 servings)
  • Best For: Higher-dose complex with methylfolate and methylcobalamin
View product

Active B-Complex is a potent blend containing all 8 B-vitamins, including the active forms of vitamins B2, B6, and B12, as well as Quatrefolic-branded methylfolate (the bioactive form of folate).

Pros

  • Active coenzyme forms of B2, B6, folate and B12
  • Includes choline and inositol
  • No gluten, soy, dairy or artificial colors

Cons

  • Two-capsule serving
  • Higher B6 (50 mg) per serving than the Nordic Naturals pick

Best for One capsule a day with coenzyme forms

2. Nordic Naturals Vitamin B Complex

  • Form: Eight B vitamins in coenzyme forms (5-MTHF, methylcobalamin, P5P, R5P)
  • Key Amounts: 250 mcg B12, 45 mg B6, 333 mcg DFE folate per capsule
  • Label Serving: 1 capsule with food
  • Bottle: 45 capsules (45 servings)
  • Best For: One capsule a day with coenzyme forms
View product

Delivering physiologically meaningful doses of eight highly absorbable and water-soluble B vitamins, Nordic Naturals Vitamin B Complex supports daily cellular operations and helps optimize important metabolic activities throughout the body.

Pros

  • One capsule per serving
  • Coenzyme forms throughout
  • No gluten, milk derivatives, wheat or soy

Cons

  • Lower B12 per capsule than the Integrative Therapeutics pick
  • Smaller bottle

Best for Low Vitamin D: Vitamin D3

Low vitamin D has been associated with fatigue, and one placebo-controlled trial tested whether correcting it helps [7]. In 120 otherwise healthy adults with fatigue and vitamin D below 20 ng/mL, a single 100,000 IU dose of vitamin D3 improved fatigue scores at four weeks more than placebo, and 72% of the vitamin D group reported less fatigue, against 50% on placebo [7]. That result applies to people who started out deficient. A vitamin D test tells you whether you are one of them.

Best for Hypoallergenic, low per-capsule dose that is easy to adjust

1. Pure Encapsulations Vitamin D3 1,000 IU

  • Form: Cholecalciferol (vitamin D3)
  • Vitamin D per Capsule: 25 mcg (1,000 IU)
  • Label Serving: 1 capsule with food
  • Bottle: 60, 120 or 250 capsules (1 capsule per serving)
  • Best For: Hypoallergenic, low per-capsule dose that is easy to adjust
View product

Vitamin D3 naturally supports calcium absorption and retention within bones to promote optimal bone health.

Pros

  • Hypoallergenic and vegetarian
  • Low per-capsule dose that fits retesting and adjustment
  • Three bottle sizes

Cons

  • Label advises monitoring blood levels for people taking more than 2,000 IU a day

Best for Muscle Fatigue and Low Magnesium Intake: Magnesium Malate

Magnesium is involved in producing ATP, the molecule cells use for energy, and in muscle contraction [1]. Almost half of the US population got less magnesium from food than required in 2005 to 2006 national survey data [8]. Malate is itself part of the cycle cells use to make energy, which is why magnesium malate is the form most often marketed for fatigue. Trials comparing magnesium forms for energy are small, so choose this when your diet is low in magnesium rather than expecting a stimulant effect. For more on this form, see magnesium malate for energy.

Best for Magnesium malate with the most tablets per bottle

1. NOW Foods Magnesium Malate 1000 mg

  • Form: Magnesium malate
  • Elemental Magnesium: 113 mg per tablet (from 1,000 mg magnesium malate)
  • Label Serving: 1 tablet, up to three times daily with food
  • Third-Party Testing: Made in a GMP facility
  • Bottle: 180 tablets
  • Best For: Magnesium malate with the most tablets per bottle
View product

Magnesium is a mineral that is critical for energy production and metabolism, muscle contraction, nerve impulse transmission and bone mineralization.

Pros

  • Elemental magnesium printed on the label
  • 180 tablets per bottle

Cons

  • Large tablets
  • Carries a California Proposition 65 lead warning

Best for Citrate and malate blend in a small capsule

2. Thorne Magnesium CitraMate

  • Form: Magnesium citrate and dimagnesium malate
  • Elemental Magnesium: 135 mg per capsule (55 mg as citrate, 80 mg as malate)
  • Label Serving: 1 capsule, one to three times daily
  • Bottle: 90 capsules
  • Best For: Citrate and malate blend in a small capsule
View product

Magnesium is essential for the health of the heart and blood vessels, brain, bones, muscles, and lungs.

Pros

  • Two well-absorbed forms in one capsule
  • Only two other ingredients

Cons

  • Citrate can loosen stools at higher amounts
  • Smaller bottle than the NOW pick

Best for Fatigue With Stress: Rhodiola

Rhodiola rosea is an herb studied for stress-related fatigue, and the results are mixed. In a four-week randomized trial of 60 adults with stress-related fatigue, a standardized rhodiola extract (576 mg a day) improved burnout scores and attention more than placebo [9]. An open-label trial of 100 adults with prolonged fatigue reported falling fatigue scores over eight weeks on 400 mg a day, but it had no placebo group [10]. A systematic review of 11 trials found the evidence contradictory and the studies at high or unclear risk of bias [11]. Treat rhodiola as a possible help for stress-linked tiredness, not a proven one.

Best for Extract standardized to rosavins and salidroside

1. Pure Encapsulations Rhodiola Rosea

  • Form: Rhodiola rosea root extract, standardized to 3% rosavins and 1% salidrosides
  • Extract per Capsule: 100 mg
  • Label Serving: 1 to 2 capsules a day between meals
  • Bottle: 90 or 180 capsules
  • Best For: Extract standardized to rosavins and salidroside
View product

Rhodiola Rosea helps lessen mental and physical stress as well as promote endurance.

Pros

  • Standardized to both rosavins and salidroside
  • Hypoallergenic and vegan

Cons

  • Lower extract per capsule than the doses used in trials
  • Label notes it may be contraindicated with adrenergic-blocking and antiarrhythmic medications

Best for Liquid-filled capsule with stated rosavin content

2. Gaia Herbs Rhodiola Phyto-Caps

  • Form: Siberian rhodiola root extract, liquid phyto-cap
  • Extract per Capsule: 120 mg, with 6 mg rosavins
  • Label Serving: 1 capsule twice daily between meals
  • Bottle: 60 capsules
  • Best For: Liquid-filled capsule with stated rosavin content
View product

Rhodiola is a potent herb that is thought to help the body adapt to stress in a healthy way.

Pros

  • Rosavin amount stated per capsule
  • Vegetarian capsule

Cons

  • Smaller bottle than the Pure Encapsulations pick
  • Label advises against use during pregnancy or nursing without a provider

Best for Statin Users and Adults Over 50: CoQ10

CoQ10 is part of the chain of reactions mitochondria use to make energy. A 2022 meta-analysis of 13 randomized trials with 1,126 participants found that CoQ10 lowered fatigue scores modestly compared with placebo, with larger effects at higher daily doses and longer use [12]. Statins lower blood CoQ10 levels, according to a meta-analysis of placebo-controlled trials [13]. Whether CoQ10 helps the muscle symptoms some statin users report is mixed: a 2018 meta-analysis of 12 trials found less muscle pain, weakness and tiredness, while an earlier 2015 meta-analysis found no significant effect [14][15]. If you take a statin and notice muscle symptoms, talk with your prescribing clinician before changing anything.

Best for Practitioner-brand ubiquinone softgel

1. Integrative Therapeutics CoQ10 100 mg

  • Form: Ubiquinone (trans-CoQ10 from yeast fermentation) in soybean oil
  • CoQ10 per Softgel: 100 mg
  • Label Serving: 1 softgel, up to three times daily
  • Bottle: 60 softgels
  • Best For: Practitioner-brand ubiquinone softgel
View product

Provides 100 mg coenzyme Q10 for cardiovascular, neurological, and immune system health.

Pros

  • Oil-based softgel, which suits a fat-soluble nutrient
  • Easy-to-swallow softgel

Cons

  • Contains soy
  • Label warns against use in pregnancy

Best for Soy-free softgel in two bottle sizes

2. NOW Foods CoQ10 100 mg Softgels

  • Form: CoQ10 in olive oil and sunflower lecithin
  • CoQ10 per Softgel: 100 mg
  • Label Serving: 1 softgel, one to two times daily with food
  • Bottle: 50 or 150 softgels
  • Best For: Soy-free softgel in two bottle sizes
View product

Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) is a vitamin-like compound that plays a central role in cellular energy production.

Pros

  • Available in a 150-softgel bottle
  • Soy-free
  • Made in a GMP facility

Cons

  • Bovine gelatin softgel, so not vegetarian

Best for Mental Fatigue and Training: Creatine Monohydrate

Creatine is best known for high-intensity exercise. Supplementation raises muscle creatine stores and improves performance in short, hard efforts, according to the International Society of Sports Nutrition [16]. Evidence for mental fatigue is smaller. In a double-blind trial, 8 g a day for five days reduced mental fatigue during repeated arithmetic tasks [17]. A systematic review of six trials in healthy people found possible gains in short-term memory and reasoning, but conflicting results for mental fatigue [18]. For more, see creatine beyond the gym.

Best for Unflavored creatine monohydrate with no other ingredients

1. Klean Athlete Klean Creatine

  • Form: Creatine monohydrate powder, unflavored
  • Creatine per Scoop: 5 g
  • Label Serving: 1 scoop mixed with 8 oz of water or another drink
  • Bottle: 315 g (63 scoops)
  • Best For: Unflavored creatine monohydrate with no other ingredients
View product

If your sport requires you to go 'all out' for short bursts, creatine can help you reach your strength and power objectives.

Pros

  • Creatine monohydrate is the most studied form
  • No other ingredients
  • Vegan and gluten-free

Cons

  • Powder only
  • Unflavored, so it needs mixing into a drink

What to Look For in an Energy Supplement

1. A Test Result That Points to It

The strongest fatigue evidence for iron, B12 and vitamin D comes from people who were low [2][7]. Matching the supplement to a measured shortfall is the most reliable way to feel a difference, and it keeps you from taking iron you do not need.

2. The Form on the Label

  • Iron: the fatigue trial above used ferrous sulfate; bisglycinate is a chelated form marketed as gentler on the stomach.
  • B12: methylcobalamin and cyanocobalamin both raise B12 levels.
  • Vitamin D: D3 (cholecalciferol) is the form in the trial above.
  • Magnesium: malate, citrate and glycinate absorb better than oxide.
  • CoQ10: ubiquinone in an oil-based softgel is the form in most products and trials.

3. The Dose per Serving

Compare the amount of the active ingredient per serving, not the bottle size. For magnesium, look for the elemental amount. For rhodiola, look for the standardized extract and its rosavin or salidroside content. For B12, 1,000 mcg is the amount most products use.

4. Quality Signals

Look for third-party certification such as NSF or USP, or at minimum manufacturing in a GMP-certified facility. For what each seal does and does not verify, see how to choose a supplement brand.

5. No Stimulant Blend

Products sold as “energy” formulas often add caffeine, green tea extract or guarana. These change how alert you feel for a few hours and say nothing about why you are tired. Check the full ingredient list before buying.

Cost Comparison

Each product card above shows its current price from the Mito catalog. To compare cost per serving, divide that price by the servings per bottle below. Some labels allow more than one serving a day (magnesium, rhodiola and CoQ10), so a bottle of those lasts fewer days at the higher amount.

ProductBottle sizesLabel servingServings per bottle
Thorne Iron Bisglycinate60 capsules1 capsule60
Klaire Labs Iron Chelate100 capsules1 capsule100
Jarrow Formulas Methyl B-12 1000 mcg100 chewables1 tablet100
Life Extension B12 Methylcobalamin 1 mg60 lozenges1 lozenge60
Integrative Therapeutics Active B-Complex60 or 120 capsules2 capsules30 or 60
Nordic Naturals Vitamin B Complex45 capsules1 capsule45
Pure Encapsulations Vitamin D3 1,000 IU60, 120 or 250 capsules1 capsule60, 120 or 250
NOW Foods Magnesium Malate 1000 mg180 tablets1 tablet180
Thorne Magnesium CitraMate90 capsules1 capsule90
Pure Encapsulations Rhodiola Rosea90 or 180 capsules1 capsule90 or 180
Gaia Herbs Rhodiola Phyto-Caps60 capsules1 capsule60
Integrative Therapeutics CoQ10 100 mg60 softgels1 softgel60
NOW Foods CoQ10 100 mg50 or 150 softgels1 softgel50 or 150
Klean Athlete Klean Creatine315 g1 scoop (5 g)63

Test This with Mito

Fatigue has many possible causes, and several of them show up on a routine blood test. Testing first tells you which of the supplements above applies, and retesting tells you whether it worked.

  • Ferritin: your iron stores. The trial above enrolled women with ferritin below 50 µg/L [2].
  • Iron and TIBC panel: circulating iron and how much iron your blood can carry, alongside ferritin.
  • Vitamin B12 and folate panel: the two B vitamins most often linked to tiredness and anemia.
  • Vitamin D, 25-hydroxy: the standard measure of your vitamin D status.
  • Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH): an underactive thyroid is a common cause of fatigue that no supplement here addresses.
  • Complete blood count (CBC): checks for anemia and red blood cell size, which can point toward iron or B12.
  • Mito Core Panel: includes all of the tests above (ferritin, iron and TIBC, vitamin B12, folate, vitamin D, TSH and CBC) plus free T4, free T3, RBC magnesium, cortisol, HbA1c and a comprehensive metabolic panel, with clinician-reviewed results.

To compare energy-related tests side by side, browse energy, mood and sleep lab tests. For a walk-through of which results explain tiredness, read Always Tired? The Blood Tests That Explain Fatigue.

Key Takeaways

  • Test before you supplement: iron, B12 and vitamin D help tiredness mainly when levels are low.
  • Never guess on iron: take it only after a low ferritin or iron result.
  • B12 matters most for at-risk groups: vegans, adults over 50, and long-term metformin or acid-reducer users.
  • A B complex suits a limited diet, not a single confirmed deficiency.
  • Magnesium malate suits a diet short on magnesium, not a search for a stimulant effect.
  • CoQ10, rhodiola and creatine have smaller or mixed evidence for fatigue.
  • Skip stimulant “energy blends” that hide doses or rely on caffeine.

Frequently asked questions

What vitamins are best for fatigue and tiredness?

Iron, vitamin B12 and vitamin D have the clearest trial evidence for less fatigue, and in each case the benefit was seen in people whose levels were low [2][7]. The other B vitamins and magnesium support energy metabolism too and matter when your diet falls short [1]. Without a shortfall, none of them works like a stimulant.

What vitamins am I lacking if I’m always tired?

The most common nutrient causes of tiredness are low iron stores, low vitamin B12 and low vitamin D. Folate and magnesium are less common causes. You cannot tell these apart by how you feel, so a blood test for ferritin, B12 and folate, vitamin D and a complete blood count is the reliable way to find out. An underactive thyroid causes similar tiredness, which is why TSH belongs on the same test.

Is B6 or B12 better for energy?

For most people, B12. B12 deficiency is common in specific groups and causes tiredness and anemia [4]. B6 deficiency is uncommon in people who eat a varied diet. Both are part of a B complex. If a test shows low B12, a dedicated B12 supplement gives a higher dose of it.

Do energy supplements work if my levels are normal?

Usually not in a way you would notice. The trials behind iron, B12 and vitamin D enrolled people who were low or at risk. CoQ10 has modest evidence across mixed groups, and rhodiola and creatine have small trials with mixed results [12][11][18].

How long do energy supplements take to work?

It depends on the supplement and how low you started. In the iron trial, fatigue was measured after 12 weeks [2]. In the vitamin D trial, it was measured four weeks after a single dose [7]. Retesting the marker you are correcting tells you whether your levels have actually moved.

Are B12 shots better than B12 pills?

Not usually. A clinical review found that oral B12 at 1 to 2 mg a day is as effective as injections for correcting anemia and nerve symptoms. Injections work faster and are considered for severe deficiency or severe nerve symptoms [4].

Medical Disclaimer

This article is for educational purposes only and is not medical advice. It does not diagnose or treat any condition. Persistent or unexplained fatigue can have causes beyond nutrition, so discuss it with your doctor, especially if you are pregnant, take prescription medications or have a chronic condition.

References

  1. Tardy AL, Pouteau E, Marquez D, Yilmaz C, Scholey A. Vitamins and Minerals for Energy, Fatigue and Cognition: A Narrative Review of the Biochemical and Clinical Evidence. Nutrients. 2020;12(1):228. PMC7019700
  2. Vaucher P, Druais PL, Waldvogel S, Favrat B. Effect of iron supplementation on fatigue in nonanemic menstruating women with low ferritin: a randomized controlled trial. CMAJ. 2012;184(11):1247-54. PMID: 22777991
  3. Pasricha SR, Tye-Din J, Muckenthaler MU, Swinkels DW. Iron deficiency. Lancet. 2021;397(10270):233-248. PMID: 33285139
  4. Langan RC, Goodbred AJ. Vitamin B12 Deficiency: Recognition and Management. Am Fam Physician. 2017;96(6):384-389. PMID: 28925645
  5. Lam JR, Schneider JL, Zhao W, Corley DA. Proton pump inhibitor and histamine 2 receptor antagonist use and vitamin B12 deficiency. JAMA. 2013;310(22):2435-42. PMID: 24327038
  6. Kennedy DO. B Vitamins and the Brain: Mechanisms, Dose and Efficacy. A Review. Nutrients. 2016;8(2):68. PMC4772032
  7. Nowak A, Boesch L, Andres E, et al. Effect of vitamin D3 on self-perceived fatigue: A double-blind randomized placebo-controlled trial. Medicine (Baltimore). 2016;95(52):e5353. PMC5207540
  8. Rosanoff A, Weaver CM, Rude RK. Suboptimal magnesium status in the United States: are the health consequences underestimated? Nutr Rev. 2012;70(3):153-64. PMID: 22364157
  9. Olsson EM, von Schéele B, Panossian AG. A randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study of the standardised extract shr-5 of the roots of Rhodiola rosea in the treatment of subjects with stress-related fatigue. Planta Med. 2009;75(2):105-12. PMID: 19016404
  10. Lekomtseva Y, Zhukova I, Wacker A. Rhodiola rosea in Subjects with Prolonged or Chronic Fatigue Symptoms: Results of an Open-Label Clinical Trial. Complement Med Res. 2017;24(1):46-52. PMID: 28219059
  11. Ishaque S, Shamseer L, Bukutu C, Vohra S. Rhodiola rosea for physical and mental fatigue: a systematic review. BMC Complement Altern Med. 2012;12:70. PMC3541197
  12. Tsai IC, Hsu CW, Chang CH, Tseng PT, Chang KV. Effectiveness of Coenzyme Q10 Supplementation for Reducing Fatigue: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Front Pharmacol. 2022;13:883251. PMC9449413
  13. Banach M, Serban C, Ursoniu S, et al. Statin therapy and plasma coenzyme Q10 concentrations: A systematic review and meta-analysis of placebo-controlled trials. Pharmacol Res. 2015;99:329-36. PMID: 26192349
  14. Qu H, Guo M, Chai H, Wang WT, Gao ZY, Shi DZ. Effects of Coenzyme Q10 on Statin-Induced Myopathy: An Updated Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. J Am Heart Assoc. 2018;7(19):e009835. PMC6404871
  15. Banach M, Serban C, Sahebkar A, et al. Effects of coenzyme Q10 on statin-induced myopathy: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Mayo Clin Proc. 2015;90(1):24-34. PMID: 25440725
  16. Kreider RB, Kalman DS, Antonio J, et al. International Society of Sports Nutrition position stand: safety and efficacy of creatine supplementation in exercise, sport, and medicine. J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2017;14:18. PMC5469049
  17. Watanabe A, Kato N, Kato T. Effects of creatine on mental fatigue and cerebral hemoglobin oxygenation. Neurosci Res. 2002;42(4):279-85. PMID: 11985880
  18. Avgerinos KI, Spyrou N, Bougioukas KI, Kapogiannis D. Effects of creatine supplementation on cognitive function of healthy individuals: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Exp Gerontol. 2018;108:166-173. PMC6093191

Products mentioned in this guide

  • Thorne

    Iron Bisglycinate NSF

    Iron is essential to the formation and function of healthy red blood cells.

  • Klaire Labs/SFI Health

    Iron Chelate

    This compound has been shown to be a well-tolerated, bioavailable form of iron.

  • Jarrow Formulas

    Methyl B-12 1000mcg Lemon

    Methylcobalamin (Methyl B-12) is better absorbed and retained than other forms of B12 (e.g., cyanocobalamin).

  • Life Extension

    Vitamin B12 - Methylcobalamin 1mg Lozenges

    Vitamin B12, also called cobalamin, is a water-soluble vitamin.

  • Integrative Therapeutics

    Active B-Complex

    Active B-Complex is a potent blend containing all 8 B-vitamins, including the active forms of vitamins B2, B6, and B12, as well as Quatrefolic-branded methylfolate (the bioactive form of folate).

  • Nordic Naturals

    Vitamin B Complex

    Delivering physiologically meaningful doses of eight highly absorbable and water-soluble B vitamins, Nordic Naturals Vitamin B Complex supports daily cellular operations and helps optimize important metabolic activities throughout the body.

  • Pure Encapsulations

    Vitamin D3 25mcg (1,000IU)

    Vitamin D3 naturally supports calcium absorption and retention within bones to promote optimal bone health.

  • NOW Foods

    Magnesium Malate 1000mg

    Magnesium is a mineral that is critical for energy production and metabolism, muscle contraction, nerve impulse transmission and bone mineralization.

  • Thorne

    Magnesium CitraMate

    Magnesium is essential for the health of the heart and blood vessels, brain, bones, muscles, and lungs.

  • Pure Encapsulations

    Rhodiola Rosea

    Rhodiola Rosea helps lessen mental and physical stress as well as promote endurance.

  • Gaia Herbs Pro

    Rhodiola Phyto-Caps

    Rhodiola is a potent herb that is thought to help the body adapt to stress in a healthy way.

  • Integrative Therapeutics

    CoQ10 100mg

    Provides 100 mg coenzyme Q10 for cardiovascular, neurological, and immune system health.

  • NOW Foods

    CoQ10 100mg Gels

    Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) is a vitamin-like compound that plays a central role in cellular energy production.

  • Klean Athlete

    Klean Creatine

    If your sport requires you to go 'all out' for short bursts, creatine can help you reach your strength and power objectives.

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