Basic Metabolic Panel (BMP)
A routine read on kidney function, blood sugar, electrolytes, and acid-base balance in one draw.
Consider this test if:
- Setting a baseline for kidney function, blood sugar, and electrolytes
- Taking diuretics, blood pressure medication, or other drugs that shift electrolytes
- Tracking hydration, kidney health, or fasting glucose over time
- Experiencing fatigue, weakness, cramps, excessive thirst, or changes in urination
- Family history of diabetes or kidney disease and wanting routine screening
- HSA/FSA eligible
- Typical results in 1 day · Reviewed by a real clinician
- Drawn at a CLIA/CAP-accredited lab near you ·
Pre-test considerations
Fast for 12 hours before the draw so the glucose result is interpretable. Water is fine. Heavy exercise and dehydration can shift creatinine and electrolytes, so test under normal, rested conditions for comparable results over time.
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What this test is for
The Basic Metabolic Panel groups eight core tests: glucose, calcium, sodium, potassium, chloride, carbon dioxide (bicarbonate), BUN, and creatinine, plus the calculated eGFR and BUN/creatinine ratio. Together they show how your kidneys are filtering, where your blood sugar sits, and whether your electrolytes and acid-base balance are in range. Creatinine and eGFR are the workhorses for kidney function, while sodium, potassium, and calcium shifts affect nerve, heart, and muscle activity and can produce arrhythmias, weakness, cramps, or tremors. Results are read as a pattern: one mildly off value often means something very different than several abnormal values together. It is a solid baseline for metabolic and kidney health and a standard check when monitoring blood pressure medication, diuretics, or hydration.
The BMP is the lighter version of the Comprehensive Metabolic Panel, which adds liver enzymes, protein, and bilirubin. If you also want liver markers, the CMP is the broader choice; the BMP covers kidneys, glucose, and electrolytes.
Biomarkers tested
Includes 8 biomarkers
Calcium does far more than build bone: nerves fire, muscles contract, blood clots, and hormones release only when calcium levels stay in a tight range. This test measures total calcium in serum, which parathyroid hormone and vitamin D regulate together with your bones acting as the reserve tank. High calcium points to overactive parathyroid glands, excess vitamin D, or certain cancers, while low calcium suggests parathyroid or kidney dysfunction, vitamin D deficiency, or poor absorption, and either extreme can drive fatigue, muscle cramps, tingling, brain fog, or irregular heartbeat worth investigating.
- Specimen
- Serum or plasma
- Measures
- Mass concentration
Total CO2 measures the bicarbonate-based buffer your blood uses to keep pH stable, reflecting how your lungs and kidneys balance acid and base. Low levels point toward metabolic acidosis (from kidney disease, uncontrolled diabetes, or chronic diarrhea) while high levels suggest metabolic alkalosis or a compensated respiratory condition, both worth clarifying if you're dealing with unexplained fatigue, rapid breathing, or confusion. It's part of the standard electrolyte panel, so most people track it as a baseline metabolic marker alongside sodium, potassium, and chloride rather than ordering it alone.
- Specimen
- Serum or plasma
- Measures
- Substance concentration
Chloride is the main negative ion in your blood, working alongside sodium and bicarbonate to hold fluid balance, blood volume, and acid-base status steady. Low levels track with vomiting, dehydration, or metabolic alkalosis, while high levels point toward dehydration or metabolic acidosis, often from kidney or GI losses. Ordered as part of a basic metabolic panel, it mainly serves as a baseline check and a way to make sense of symptoms like dizziness, muscle cramps, or persistent fatigue tied to fluid or electrolyte shifts.
- Specimen
- Serum or plasma
- Measures
- Substance concentration
Creatinine is a waste product released as your muscles break down creatine for energy, and your kidneys filter it out of the blood at a steady rate. When creatinine rises, it usually means the kidneys are filtering less efficiently, making it the core marker for kidney function and the basis for calculating eGFR. Test it as a baseline for kidney health, to monitor the impact of blood pressure, diabetes, high-protein diets, or supplements like creatine, or to investigate unexplained fatigue, swelling, or changes in urination.
- Specimen
- Serum or plasma
- Measures
- Mass concentration
Glucose measures the sugar circulating in your blood right now, the fuel your cells burn for energy and the hormone insulin works constantly to keep in range. High readings point toward insulin resistance, prediabetes, or diabetes, while low readings can explain shakiness, lightheadedness, irritability, or brain fog between meals. Pair it with fasting insulin or A1c to see whether your body is managing glucose efficiently or working overtime to do it, and use it to track how diet, training, or sleep changes are actually moving your metabolism.
- Specimen
- Serum or plasma
- Measures
- Mass concentration
Potassium regulates the electrical signaling that fires your heart muscle, contracts your muscles, and controls nerve conduction, with cells and kidneys working together to keep it in a tight range. Levels that drift high or low show up as muscle weakness, cramping, palpitations, or fatigue, and can result from dehydration, kidney function changes, certain blood pressure medications, or heavy sweating from training. It's a core piece of any electrolyte or kidney panel, useful for a baseline check and essential context if you're on diuretics, ACE inhibitors, or pushing hard in endurance training where fluid and mineral losses run high.
- Specimen
- Serum or plasma
- Measures
- Substance concentration
Sodium is the main electrolyte outside your cells and it controls how water distributes across your body, keeping blood volume and blood pressure stable while nerves and muscles fire correctly. Low sodium shows up as fatigue, headache, confusion, nausea, or muscle cramps, and points to excess water retention, heavy sweating, certain medications, or kidney and hormone issues, while high sodium usually signals dehydration. It's a core part of any metabolic panel, useful as a baseline check and essential for investigating unexplained fatigue, dizziness, or muscle cramping, especially in endurance athletes or anyone on diuretics.
- Specimen
- Serum or plasma
- Measures
- Substance concentration
Blood urea nitrogen tracks the waste product your liver makes when it breaks down protein, cleared by kidneys that filter it out of circulation. High BUN points to reduced kidney filtration, dehydration, or a high protein intake, while low levels can reflect liver trouble or very low protein diets. Paired with creatinine, it rounds out a kidney function baseline and helps investigate fatigue, swelling, changes in urination, or unexplained shifts tied to diet, hydration, or medication changes.
- Specimen
- Serum or plasma
- Measures
- Mass concentration
What to expect
- 1 Book instantly
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- 2 Quick lab visit
Testing to fit your busy schedule, usually 15 minutes or less. Walk-in and appointments available.
- 3 Typical results in 1 day
Your results post straight to your dashboard as soon as the lab completes them.
- 4 Expert guidance
Included with Mito membership. A clinician reviews your results and your personalized action plan follows, with clear next steps.
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Frequently asked questions
View all FAQsHow does pricing work?
Every test shows the member price next to the standard non-member price, so you can see what membership saves you. The member price is our cost — covering the lab and what it takes to run the service — never a profit on the test itself; Mito makes its money on the $9 membership, not on marking up your tests. Membership is $9/mo, and you still pay the lab’s order fee. Prices are itemized before you pay, with no hidden fees.
Where do I get tested?
Choose a partner lab (Quest, Labcorp, or BioReference) at checkout. If your cart spans multiple tests, we consolidate the whole order onto a single lab so you only make one visit.
Is this eligible for HSA/FSA?
Yes. This test is HSA/FSA eligible, and you can pay with your HSA/FSA card at checkout.
When will I get my results?
Your results post to your dashboard once your lab completes them, then a clinician reviews them and your full analysis and personalized action plan (with clear next steps) follow. Turnaround varies by test: specialty assays and at-home kits take longer, and each test shows its expected turnaround before you buy.
Do I need a doctor’s order?
No. Mito provides the lab order for you, so you can book and get tested without a separate doctor visit.
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