What is EPA?

EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid) is a type of omega-3 fatty acid primarily found in fatty fish like salmon, mackerel, and sardines, as well as in fish oil supplements.‍It is a polyunsaturated fat that plays a crucial role in reducing inflammation, improving heart health, and supporting brain function.‍EPA is one of the two main omega-3 fatty acids (along with DHA) that are directly beneficial to health.

What does it assess?

EPA levels assess an individual’s status of omega-3 fatty acids, specifically focusing on the anti-inflammatory and cardiovascular benefits.‍EPA is also important for mental health, as it has been shown to have a positive impact on mood and cognition.

How do I optimize my EPA levels?

Consume fish high in EPA, such as mackerel, salmon, sardines, and anchovies.‍These provide direct sources of EPA and DHA that are highly bioavailable. For vegetarians or those avoiding fish, algal oil supplements can provide DHA and EPA.‍Algal oil is a plant-based alternative and the best option for directly increasing EPA and DHA levels without the need for fish-based products. Omega-6 fatty acids can compete with omega-3s in the body.‍Reducing omega-6 intake and focusing on omega-3-rich foods helps optimize the omega-3 to omega-6 ratio, benefiting EPA and overall health.

What do high and low EPA levels mean?

High levels of EPA are typically associated with a reduced risk of cardiovascular diseases, lower inflammation, and improved mood and cognitive function.‍However, excessively high EPA levels can lead to adverse effects, such as blood thinning, which increases the risk of bleeding. It is important to maintain balanced levels for optimal health benefits.‍Low levels of EPA can be indicative of inadequate omega-3 intake, which may contribute to increased inflammation, higher cardiovascular risk, and poor mental health outcomes.‍Deficient EPA levels are linked to a higher risk of depression, cognitive decline, and inflammatory diseases.

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