What is Free Testosterone?

Free testosterone is the portion of testosterone in the bloodstream that is not bound to proteins, specifically sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) and albumin. ‍Because it is unbound, free testosterone is bioavailable and can interact with receptors throughout the body, making it the active form that directly influences physiological functions.

What does it assess?

Free testosterone testing evaluates the active testosterone levels in the body, which helps to understand androgen activity.‍This is particularly useful in assessing conditions like low libido, fatigue, muscle weakness, and mood changes, especially if total testosterone levels appear normal but symptoms of deficiency persist.

How do I optimize my Free Testosterone levels?

Physical activity, especially strength training and high-intensity interval training (HIIT), is linked to increased testosterone levels.‍Resistance training, in particular, stimulates muscle growth and can improve hormone production, especially if done consistently. A diet rich in lean proteins, healthy fats (such as those from avocados, nuts, and olive oil), and nutrient-dense vegetables can support hormone synthesis.‍Zinc, magnesium, and vitamin D, found in foods like seafood, leafy greens, and fortified dairy, are essential nutrients for testosterone production. Sleep is crucial for testosterone production, as levels naturally peak during REM sleep. Aim for 7 to 9 hours per night, with a consistent sleep schedule, to support optimal free testosterone levels.

What do high and low Free Testosterone levels mean?

Elevated free testosterone levels in men may result from anabolic steroid use or certain health conditions like testicular or adrenal tumors.‍In women, high levels are often associated with PCOS, causing symptoms such as irregular periods, acne, and hirsutism (excess hair growth).‍Low free testosterone in men can lead to symptoms like decreased libido, fatigue, mood changes, and reduced muscle mass, often linked to conditions such as aging, obesity, chronic illness, or hypogonadism.‍In women, low testosterone may impact bone density, muscle strength, and mood, though symptoms tend to be subtler than in men. Low free testosterone in either sex is often associated with decreased vitality and energy.